Steinkraus-Koch |
Schütz |
Anyway, I feel an urge to elevate the knowledge base of Munich prosecutors and judges somewhat, because during those days in which I had the privilege to lounge in their court rooms on admittedly uncomfortable chairs, deprived of my Montecristo and Hennessy, and listen to these supposedly educated gents and ladies, I rarely had the feeling of being overwhelmed by too much intelligence.
I endeavour to change this ever so slightly and therefore would like to usher their interested minds for example to the following excerpt being certain, said juristic individuals know exactly what I am referring to. Here goes:
Information Note on the Court’s case-law No. 116
February 2009
Sergey Zolotukhin v. Russia [GC] - 14939/03
Judgment 10.2.2009 [GC]
Article 4 of Protocol No. 7
Right not to be tried or punished twice
As to whether the offences were the same, the Court had adopted a variety of approaches in the past, placing the emphasis on identity of the facts irrespective of their legal characterisation, on the legal classification as the same set of facts could give rise to different offences, or on the existence of essential elements common to both offences. Taking the view that the existence of these different approaches was a source of legal uncertainty which was incompatible with the fundamental right guaranteed by Article 4 of Protocol No. 7, the Court decided to define in detail what was to be understood by the term “same offence” for the purposes of the Convention. After examining the scope of the right not to be tried and punished twice as set forth in other international instruments, in particular the United Nations Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the European Union’s Charter of Fundamental Rights and the American Convention on Human Rights, it stated that Article 4 of Protocol No. 7 should be construed as prohibiting the prosecution or trial of an individual for a second offence in so far as it arose from identical facts or facts that were “substantially” the same as those underlying the first offence. This guarantee came into play where a new set of proceedings was instituted after a previous acquittal or conviction had acquired the force of res judicata.
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